Effect of equity in education on the quality of economic growth: evidence from China

In China, there is a general view that the educational equity has a negative effect on the quality of economic growth. Acting upon this viewpoint, China's education policy has gradually abandoned its low-gravity development strategies and would rather significantly invest more money into higher education than basic education. In this paper, an empirical study on the relationship between China’s educational equity and the quality of economic growth is implemented to try to answer the following question, i.e., which is the more important one for the equality of China's economic growth, basic education, or higher education. By adopting China's recent 27-year macro-economic data from 1978 to 2004, the paper carries out the Granger causality test between the equity in education and the quality of economic growth and then establishes a regression model. Results of the empirical study show that the education equity is significantly related to the quality of economic growth, and the educational equity is the Granger reason of China’s economic growth quality. That is to say, besides promoting the social harmony, educational equity also has a positive role in promoting the quality of economic growth in China, which is a very different conclusion from the current point of view. Based on the results and the analysis of the mechanism of the relationship between educational equity and the quality of economic growth, this paper proposes that China's present education policies need many adjustments

Effect of Investment in Environmental Protection on Green Development of Industrial Enterprises: Evidence from Central China

China\u27s industrialization and urbanization process is advancing rapidly. While using natural resources, the country also generates a large amount of waste, causing serious environmental pollution and affecting further development of human society. Expanding the scale of investment in environmental protection has gradually become an effective means to address the problem. China is continuously increasing investment in environmental protection, actively improving environmental conditions, and achieving the dual goals of promoting high-quality development and environmental protection. Six provinces in central China were taken as research objects and the regional differences in their investments in environmental protection were analyzed. A panel entropy weight model was used to calculate the green development level of industrial enterprises, and a panel regression model was employed to calculate the impact of investment in environmental protection on the degree of influence of the green development of industrial enterprises. Results show that the six provinces in central China have significant differences in their investment in industrial environmental pollution control. The unreasonable allocation of environmental protection investment funds has led to the insignificant improvement of environmental pollution caused by industrial enterprises in the six central provinces of investment in environmental protection. R&D expenditure of industrial enterprises, the total import, and export volume of foreign-invested enterprises, and the fixed asset investment of the entire society have a positive role in promoting the green development of industrial enterprises. The added value of the secondary industry has a significant negative effect on the green development of industrial enterprises. Conclusions can be used as a reference for encouraging industrial enterprises to increase investment in environmental protection and promote green development

Solutions to the SU(N\mathcal{N}) self-dual Yang-Mills equation

In this paper we aim to derive solutions for the SU($\mathcal{N}$) self-dual Yang-Mills (SDYM) equation with arbitrary $\mathcal{N}$. A set of noncommutative relations are introduced to construct a matrix equation that can be reduced to the SDYM equation. It is shown that these relations can be generated from two different Sylvester equations, which correspond to the two Cauchy matrix schemes for the (matrix) Kadomtsev-Petviashvili hierarchy and the (matrix) Ablowitz-Kaup-Newell-Segur hierarchy, respectively. In each Cauchy matrix scheme we investigate the possible reductions that can lead to the SU$(\mathcal{N})$ SDYM equation and also analyze the physical significance of some solutions, i.e. being Hermitian, positive-definite and of determinant being one.Comment: 26 page

Dynamic characteristic of spur gear with flexible support of gearbox

In this study, a nonlinear translation-torsion model of spur gear pair with flexible support of gearbox is proposed. The time-varying meshing stiffness, transmission error and backlash are considered in this model. Lagrange’s equations are used for establishing the mathematic model. The numerical method is presented for solutions of nonlinear differential equations. The effect of rotating speed and support stiffness of gearbox is analyzed. The numerical results show that the flexibility of the support of gearbox has a significant effect on the amplitude-frequency characteristic of the spur gear pair at low rotating speeds. The response shows flexibility while the support stiffness is smaller than the bearings and rigidity while the support stiffness is larger than the bearings. The maximum deformation of the driving gear bearings under the flexible support is generally greater than the one under rigid support

CAN POLITICAL CONNECTIONS OF INDEPENDENT DIRECTORS IMPROVE FIRM PERFORMANCE? EVIDENCE OF CHINESE LISTED MANUFACTURING COMPANIES OVER 2008-2013

The paper investigates the effect of the political connections of independent directors on firm performance by choosing the panel data consisting of 2994 firm-year observations in Chinese listed manufacturing companies during 2008-2013 as the sample. Empirical analysis by adopting multiple regression analysis based on OLS with SPSS19.0 makes a new finding, i.e., in manufacturing companies in China, there is a positive relationship between the political connections of independent directors and firm performance measured by ROE and EPS. Further investigation shows that the richness of independent directors’ political connections improves firm performance by providing more resources instead of inputting extra knowledge, ideas or perspectives. Therefore, the political connections of independent directors have potential negative effects on firm’s long-termed competitive edge, since current richer resources would lower the recognition of the top executives on the importance of enhancing internal core competence